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The liquid phase method is closer to the thermodynamic equilibrium conditions and is able to grow SiC crystals with better quality.

Gallium oxide (Ga2O3) has emerged as a promising material for various applications, particularly in power devices and radio frequency (RF) devices. In this article, we explore the key opportunities and target markets for gallium oxide in these domains.

The history of silicon carbide (SiC) dates back to 1891, when Edward Goodrich Acheson accidentally discovered it while attempting to synthesize artificial diamonds. Acheson heated a mixture of clay (aluminosilicate) and powdered coke (carbon) in an electric furnace. Instead of the expected diamonds, he obtained a bright green crystal adhering to the carbon. This crystal had a hardness second only to diamond, and was thus named carborundum. In 1904, French-Jewish chemist Henri Moissan discovered rare natural silicon carbide minerals while studying meteorite samples from the Diablo Canyon in Arizona, USA. He named these minerals moissanite, and his discovery earned him the 1906 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

Silicon carbide (SiC), a prominent structural ceramic, is renowned for its exceptional properties, including high-temperature strength, hardness, elastic modulus, wear resistance, thermal conductivity, and corrosion resistance. These attributes make it suitable for a wide range of applications, from traditional industrial uses in high-temperature kiln furniture, burner nozzles, heat exchangers, sealing rings, and sliding bearings, to advanced applications like ballistic armor, space mirrors, semiconductor wafer chucks, and nuclear fuel cladding.

Oxidation processes play a critical role in preventing such problems by creating a protective layer on the wafer, known as the oxide layer, which acts as a barrier between different chemicals.

Homoepitaxy and heteroepitaxy play pivotal roles in material science. Homoepitaxy involves the growth of a crystalline layer on a substrate of the same material, ensuring minimal defects due to perfect lattice matching. In contrast, heteroepitaxy grows a crystalline layer on a different material substrate, which can lead to challenges like lattice mismatch. These processes are crucial in advancing semiconductor devices and thin films. For instance, heteroepitaxy significantly impacts microelectronics and quantum optics, contributing to innovations like Light Emitting Diodes.